#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: man-pages-l10n VERSION\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-07-17 17:57+0900\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

#. type: TH
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:27
#, no-wrap
msgid "INOTIFY"
msgstr ""

#. type: TH
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:27
#, no-wrap
msgid "2014-07-08"
msgstr ""

#. type: TH
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:27
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux"
msgstr ""

#. type: TH
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:27
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux Programmer's Manual"
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:28
#, no-wrap
msgid "NAME"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:30
msgid "inotify - monitoring filesystem events"
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:30
#, no-wrap
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:38
msgid ""
"The I<inotify> API provides a mechanism for monitoring filesystem events.  "
"Inotify can be used to monitor individual files, or to monitor directories.  "
"When a directory is monitored, inotify will return events for the directory "
"itself, and for files inside the directory."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:40
msgid "The following system calls are used with this API:"
msgstr ""

#. type: IP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:40 man-pages/man7/inotify.7:51 man-pages/man7/inotify.7:64 man-pages/man7/inotify.7:70 man-pages/man7/inotify.7:73 man-pages/man7/inotify.7:270 man-pages/man7/inotify.7:273
#, no-wrap
msgid "*"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:51
msgid ""
"B<inotify_init>(2)  creates an inotify instance and returns a file "
"descriptor referring to the inotify instance.  The more recent "
"B<inotify_init1>(2)  is like B<inotify_init>(2), but has a I<flags> argument "
"that provides access to some extra functionality."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:64
msgid ""
"B<inotify_add_watch>(2)  manipulates the \"watch list\" associated with an "
"inotify instance.  Each item (\"watch\") in the watch list specifies the "
"pathname of a file or directory, along with some set of events that the "
"kernel should monitor for the file referred to by that pathname.  "
"B<inotify_add_watch>(2)  either creates a new watch item, or modifies an "
"existing watch.  Each watch has a unique \"watch descriptor\", an integer "
"returned by B<inotify_add_watch>(2)  when the watch is created."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:70
msgid ""
"When events occur for monitored files and directories, those events are made "
"available to the application as structured data that can be read from the "
"inotify file descriptor using B<read>(2)  (see below)."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:73
msgid "B<inotify_rm_watch>(2)  removes an item from an inotify watch list."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:80
msgid ""
"When all file descriptors referring to an inotify instance have been closed "
"(using B<close>(2)), the underlying object and its resources are freed for "
"reuse by the kernel; all associated watches are automatically freed."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:89
msgid ""
"With careful programming, an application can use inotify to efficiently "
"monitor and cache the state of a set of filesystem objects.  However, robust "
"applications should allow for the fact that bugs in the monitoring logic or "
"races of the kind described below may leave the cache inconsistent with the "
"filesystem state.  It is probably wise to to do some consistency checking, "
"and rebuild the cache when inconsistencies are detected."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:89
#, no-wrap
msgid "Reading events from an inotify file descriptor"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:102
msgid ""
"To determine what events have occurred, an application B<read>(2)s from the "
"inotify file descriptor.  If no events have so far occurred, then, assuming "
"a blocking file descriptor, B<read>(2)  will block until at least one event "
"occurs (unless interrupted by a signal, in which case the call fails with "
"the error B<EINTR>; see B<signal>(7))."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:106
msgid ""
"Each successful B<read>(2)  returns a buffer containing one or more of the "
"following structures:"
msgstr ""

#.  FIXME . The type of the 'wd' field should probably be "int32_t".
#.  I submitted a patch to fix this.  See the LKML thread
#.  "[patch] Fix type errors in inotify interfaces", 18 Nov 2008
#.  Glibc bug filed: http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7040
#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:121
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"struct inotify_event {\n"
"    int      wd;       /* Watch descriptor */\n"
"    uint32_t mask;     /* Mask describing event */\n"
"    uint32_t cookie;   /* Unique cookie associating related\n"
"                          events (for rename(2)) */\n"
"    uint32_t len;      /* Size of I<name> field */\n"
"    char     name[];   /* Optional null-terminated name */\n"
"};\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:128
msgid ""
"I<wd> identifies the watch for which this event occurs.  It is one of the "
"watch descriptors returned by a previous call to B<inotify_add_watch>(2)."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:131
msgid ""
"I<mask> contains bits that describe the event that occurred (see below)."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:143
msgid ""
"I<cookie> is a unique integer that connects related events.  Currently this "
"is used only for rename events, and allows the resulting pair of "
"B<IN_MOVED_FROM> and B<IN_MOVED_TO> events to be connected by the "
"application.  For all other event types, I<cookie> is set to 0."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:152
msgid ""
"The I<name> field is present only when an event is returned for a file "
"inside a watched directory; it identifies the file pathname relative to the "
"watched directory.  This pathname is null-terminated, and may include "
"further null bytes (\\(aq\\e0\\(aq) to align subsequent reads to a suitable "
"address boundary."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:162
msgid ""
"The I<len> field counts all of the bytes in I<name>, including the null "
"bytes; the length of each I<inotify_event> structure is thus I<sizeof(struct "
"inotify_event)+len>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:173
msgid ""
"The behavior when the buffer given to B<read>(2)  is too small to return "
"information about the next event depends on the kernel version: in kernels "
"before 2.6.21, B<read>(2)  returns 0; since kernel 2.6.21, B<read>(2)  fails "
"with the error B<EINVAL>.  Specifying a buffer of size"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:175
#, no-wrap
msgid "    sizeof(struct inotify_event) + NAME_MAX + 1\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:177
msgid "will be sufficient to read at least one event."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:177
#, no-wrap
msgid "inotify events"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:197
msgid ""
"The B<inotify_add_watch>(2)  I<mask> argument and the I<mask> field of the "
"I<inotify_event> structure returned when B<read>(2)ing an inotify file "
"descriptor are both bit masks identifying inotify events.  The following "
"bits can be specified in I<mask> when calling B<inotify_add_watch>(2)  and "
"may be returned in the I<mask> field returned by B<read>(2):"
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:198
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_ACCESS> (*)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:203
msgid "File was accessed (e.g., B<read>(2), B<execve>(2))."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:203
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_ATTRIB> (*)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:218
msgid ""
"Metadata changed\\(emfor example, permissions (e.g., B<chmod>(2)), "
"timestamps (e.g., B<utimensat>(2)), extended attributes (B<setxattr>(2)), "
"link count (since Linux 2.6.25; e.g., for the target of B<link>(2)  and for "
"B<unlink>(2)), and user/group ID (e.g., B<chown>(2))."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:218
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_CLOSE_WRITE> (*)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:221
msgid "File opened for writing was closed."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:221
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE> (*)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:224
msgid "File not opened for writing was closed."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:224
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_CREATE> (+)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:234
msgid ""
"File/directory created in watched directory (e.g., B<open>(2)  B<O_CREAT>, "
"B<mkdir>(2), B<link>(2), B<symlink>(2), B<bind>(2)  on a UNIX domain socket)."
""
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:234
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_DELETE> (+)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:237
msgid "File/directory deleted from watched directory."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:237
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_DELETE_SELF>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:248
msgid ""
"Watched file/directory was itself deleted.  (This event also occurs if an "
"object is moved to another filesystem, since B<mv>(1)  in effect copies the "
"file to the other filesystem and then deletes it from the original "
"filesystem.)  In addition, an B<IN_IGNORED> event will subsequently be "
"generated for the watch descriptor."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:248
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_MODIFY> (*)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:253
msgid "File was modified (e.g., B<write>(2), B<truncate>(2))."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:253
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_MOVE_SELF>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:256
msgid "Watched file/directory was itself moved."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:256
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_MOVED_FROM> (+)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:260
msgid ""
"Generated for the directory containing the old filename when a file is "
"renamed."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:260
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_MOVED_TO> (+)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:264
msgid ""
"Generated for the directory containing the new filename when a file is "
"renamed."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:264
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_OPEN> (*)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:267
msgid "File was opened."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:270
msgid "When monitoring a directory:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:273
msgid ""
"the events marked above with an asterisk (*) can occur both for the "
"directory itself and for objects inside the directory; and"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:276
msgid ""
"the events marked with a plus sign (+) occur only for objects inside the "
"directory (not for the directory itself)."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:282
msgid ""
"When events are generated for objects inside a watched directory, the "
"I<name> field in the returned I<inotify_event> structure identifies the name "
"of the file within the directory."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:290
msgid ""
"The B<IN_ALL_EVENTS> macro is defined as a bit mask of all of the above "
"events.  This macro can be used as the I<mask> argument when calling "
"B<inotify_add_watch>(2)."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:292
msgid "Two additional convenience macros are defined:"
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:293
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_MOVE>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:297
msgid "Equates to B<IN_MOVED_FROM | IN_MOVED_TO>."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:297
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_CLOSE>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:301
msgid "Equates to B<IN_CLOSE_WRITE | IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:307
msgid ""
"The following further bits can be specified in I<mask> when calling "
"B<inotify_add_watch>(2):"
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:308
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_DONT_FOLLOW> (since Linux 2.6.15)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:313
msgid "Don't dereference I<pathname> if it is a symbolic link."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:313
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_EXCL_UNLINK> (since Linux 2.6.36)"
msgstr ""

#.  commit 8c1934c8d70b22ca8333b216aec6c7d09fdbd6a6
#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:329
msgid ""
"By default, when watching events on the children of a directory, events are "
"generated for children even after they have been unlinked from the directory."
"  This can result in large numbers of uninteresting events for some "
"applications (e.g., if watching I</tmp>, in which many applications create "
"temporary files whose names are immediately unlinked).  Specifying "
"B<IN_EXCL_UNLINK> changes the default behavior, so that events are not "
"generated for children after they have been unlinked from the watched "
"directory."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:329
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_MASK_ADD>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:336
msgid ""
"If a watch instance already exists for the filesystem object corresponding "
"to I<pathname>, add (OR) the events in I<mask> to the watch mask (instead of "
"replacing the mask)."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:336
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_ONESHOT>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:342
msgid ""
"Monitor the filesystem object corresponding to I<pathname> for one event, "
"then remove from watch list."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:342
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_ONLYDIR> (since Linux 2.6.15)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:347
msgid "Only watch I<pathname> if it is a directory."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:353
msgid ""
"The following bits may be set in the I<mask> field returned by B<read>(2):"
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:354
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_IGNORED>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:360
msgid ""
"Watch was removed explicitly (B<inotify_rm_watch>(2))  or automatically "
"(file was deleted, or filesystem was unmounted).  See also BUGS."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:360
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_ISDIR>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:363
msgid "Subject of this event is a directory."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:363
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_Q_OVERFLOW>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:368
msgid "Event queue overflowed (I<wd> is -1 for this event)."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:368
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<IN_UNMOUNT>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:374
msgid ""
"Filesystem containing watched object was unmounted.  In addition, an "
"B<IN_IGNORED> event will subsequently be generated for the watch descriptor."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:375
#, no-wrap
msgid "Examples"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:383
msgid ""
"Suppose an application is watching the directory I<dir> and the file I<dir/"
"myfile> for all events.  The examples below show some events that will be "
"generated for these two objects."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:384
#, no-wrap
msgid "fd = open(\"dir/myfile\", O_RDWR);"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:392
msgid "Generates B<IN_OPEN> events for both I<dir> and I<dir/myfile>."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:392
#, no-wrap
msgid "read(fd, buf, count);"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:400
msgid "Generates B<IN_ACCESS> events for both I<dir> and I<dir/myfile>."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:400
#, no-wrap
msgid "write(fd, buf, count);"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:408
msgid "Generates B<IN_MODIFY> events for both I<dir> and I<dir/myfile>."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:408
#, no-wrap
msgid "fchmod(fd, mode);"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:416
msgid "Generates B<IN_ATTRIB> events for both I<dir> and I<dir/myfile>."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:416
#, no-wrap
msgid "close(fd);"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:424
msgid "Generates B<IN_CLOSE_WRITE> events for both I<dir> and I<dir/myfile>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:433
msgid ""
"Suppose an application is watching the directories I<dir1> and I<dir2>, and "
"the file I<dir1/myfile>.  The following examples show some events that may "
"be generated."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:434
#, no-wrap
msgid "link(\"dir1/myfile\", \"dir2/new\");"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:444
msgid ""
"Generates an B<IN_ATTRIB> event for I<myfile> and an B<IN_CREATE> event for "
"I<dir2>."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:444
#, no-wrap
msgid "rename(\"dir1/myfile\", \"dir2/myfile\");"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:465
msgid ""
"Generates an B<IN_MOVED_FROM> event for I<dir1>, an B<IN_MOVED_TO> event for "
"I<dir2>, and an B<IN_MOVE_SELF> event for I<myfile>.  The B<IN_MOVED_FROM> "
"and B<IN_MOVED_TO> events will have the same I<cookie> value."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:479
msgid ""
"Suppose that I<dir1/xx> and I<dir2/yy> are (the only) links to the same "
"file, and an application is watching I<dir1>, I<dir2>, I<dir1/xx>, and "
"I<dir2/yy>.  Executing the following calls in the order given below will "
"generate the following events:"
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:480
#, no-wrap
msgid "unlink(\"dir2/yy\");"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:491
msgid ""
"Generates an B<IN_ATTRIB> event for I<xx> (because its link count changes)  "
"and an B<IN_DELETE> event for I<dir2>."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:491
#, no-wrap
msgid "unlink(\"dir1/xx\");"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:504
msgid ""
"Generates B<IN_ATTRIB>, B<IN_DELETE_SELF>, and B<IN_IGNORED> events for "
"I<xx>, and an B<IN_DELETE> event for I<dir1>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:511
msgid ""
"Suppose an application is watching the directory I<dir> and (the empty) "
"directory I<dir/subdir>.  The following examples show some events that may "
"be generated."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:512
#, no-wrap
msgid "mkdir(\"dir/new\", mode);"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:518
msgid "Generates an B<IN_CREATE | IN_ISDIR> event for I<dir>."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:518
#, no-wrap
msgid "rmdir(\"dir/subdir\");"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:530
msgid ""
"Generates B<IN_DELETE_SELF> and B<IN_IGNORED> events for I<subdir>, and an "
"B<IN_DELETE | IN_ISDIR> event for I<dir>."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:531
#, no-wrap
msgid "/proc interfaces"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:534
msgid ""
"The following interfaces can be used to limit the amount of kernel memory "
"consumed by inotify:"
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:534
#, no-wrap
msgid "I</proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:543
msgid ""
"The value in this file is used when an application calls B<inotify_init>(2)  "
"to set an upper limit on the number of events that can be queued to the "
"corresponding inotify instance.  Events in excess of this limit are dropped, "
"but an B<IN_Q_OVERFLOW> event is always generated."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:543
#, no-wrap
msgid "I</proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_instances>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:547
msgid ""
"This specifies an upper limit on the number of inotify instances that can be "
"created per real user ID."
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:547
#, no-wrap
msgid "I</proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:551
msgid ""
"This specifies an upper limit on the number of watches that can be created "
"per real user ID."
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:551
#, no-wrap
msgid "VERSIONS"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:559
msgid ""
"Inotify was merged into the 2.6.13 Linux kernel.  The required library "
"interfaces were added to glibc in version 2.4.  (B<IN_DONT_FOLLOW>, "
"B<IN_MASK_ADD>, and B<IN_ONLYDIR> were added in glibc version 2.5.)"
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:559
#, no-wrap
msgid "CONFORMING TO"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:561
msgid "The inotify API is Linux-specific."
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:561
#, no-wrap
msgid "NOTES"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:568
msgid ""
"Inotify file descriptors can be monitored using B<select>(2), B<poll>(2), "
"and B<epoll>(7).  When an event is available, the file descriptor indicates "
"as readable."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:597
msgid ""
"Since Linux 2.6.25, signal-driven I/O notification is available for inotify "
"file descriptors; see the discussion of B<F_SETFL> (for setting the "
"B<O_ASYNC> flag), B<F_SETOWN>, and B<F_SETSIG> in B<fcntl>(2).  The "
"I<siginfo_t> structure (described in B<sigaction>(2))  that is passed to the "
"signal handler has the following fields set: I<si_fd> is set to the inotify "
"file descriptor number; I<si_signo> is set to the signal number; I<si_code> "
"is set to B<POLL_IN>; and B<POLLIN> is set in I<si_band>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:610
msgid ""
"If successive output inotify events produced on the inotify file descriptor "
"are identical (same I<wd>, I<mask>, I<cookie>, and I<name>), then they are "
"coalesced into a single event if the older event has not yet been read (but "
"see BUGS).  This reduces the amount of kernel memory required for the event "
"queue, but also means that an application can't use inotify to reliably "
"count file events."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:616
msgid ""
"The events returned by reading from an inotify file descriptor form an "
"ordered queue.  Thus, for example, it is guaranteed that when renaming from "
"one directory to another, events will be produced in the correct order on "
"the inotify file descriptor."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:622
msgid ""
"The B<FIONREAD> B<ioctl>(2)  returns the number of bytes available to read "
"from an inotify file descriptor."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:622
#, no-wrap
msgid "Limitations and caveats"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:629
msgid ""
"The inotify API provides no information about the user or process that "
"triggered the inotify event.  In particular, there is no easy way for a "
"process that is monitoring events via inotify to distinguish events that it "
"triggers itself from those that are triggered by other processes."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:642
msgid ""
"Inotify reports only events that a user-space program triggers through the "
"filesystem API.  As a result, it does not catch remote events that occur on "
"network filesystems.  (Applications must fall back to polling the filesystem "
"to catch such events.)  Furthermore, various pseudo-filesystems such as I</"
"proc>, I</sys>, and I</dev/pts> are not monitorable with inotify."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:649
msgid ""
"The inotify API does not report file accesses and modifications that may "
"occur because of B<mmap>(2), B<msync>(2), and B<munmap>(2)."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:653
msgid ""
"The inotify API identifies affected files by filename.  However, by the time "
"an application processes an inotify event, the filename may already have "
"been deleted or renamed."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:658
msgid ""
"The inotify API identifies events via watch descriptors.  It is the "
"application's responsibility to cache a mapping (if one is needed) between "
"watch descriptors and pathnames.  Be aware that directory renamings may "
"affect multiple cached pathnames."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:663
msgid ""
"Inotify monitoring of directories is not recursive: to monitor "
"subdirectories under a directory, additional watches must be created.  This "
"can take a significant amount time for large directory trees."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:672
msgid ""
"If monitoring an entire directory subtree, and a new subdirectory is created "
"in that tree or an existing directory is renamed into that tree, be aware "
"that by the time you create a watch for the new subdirectory, new files (and "
"subdirectories) may already exist inside the subdirectory.  Therefore, you "
"may want to scan the contents of the subdirectory immediately after adding "
"the watch (and, if desired, recursively add watches for any subdirectories "
"that it contains)."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:684
msgid ""
"Note that the event queue can overflow.  In this case, events are lost.  "
"Robust applications should handle the possibility of lost events gracefully. "
" For example, it may be necessary to rebuild part or all of the application "
"cache.  (One simple, but possibly expensive, approach is to close the "
"inotify file descriptor, empty the cache, create a new inotify file "
"descriptor, and then re-create watches and cache entries for the objects to "
"be monitored.)"
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:684
#, no-wrap
msgid "Dealing with rename() events"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:693
msgid ""
"As noted above, the B<IN_MOVED_FROM> and B<IN_MOVED_TO> event pair that is "
"generated by B<rename>(2)  can be matched up via their shared cookie value.  "
"However, the task of matching has some challenges."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:704
msgid ""
"These two events are usually consecutive in the event stream available when "
"reading from the inotify file descriptor.  However, this is not guaranteed.  "
"If multiple processes are triggering events for monitored objects, then (on "
"rare occasions) an arbitrary number of other events may appear between the "
"B<IN_MOVED_FROM> and B<IN_MOVED_TO> events."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:729
msgid ""
"Matching up the B<IN_MOVED_FROM> and B<IN_MOVED_TO> event pair generated by "
"B<rename>(2)  is thus inherently racy.  (Don't forget that if an object is "
"renamed outside of a monitored directory, there may not even be an "
"B<IN_MOVED_TO> event.)  Heuristic approaches (e.g., assume the events are "
"always consecutive)  can be used to ensure a match in most cases, but will "
"inevitably miss some cases, causing the application to perceive the "
"B<IN_MOVED_FROM> and B<IN_MOVED_TO> events as being unrelated.  If watch "
"descriptors are destroyed and re-created as a result, then those watch "
"descriptors will be inconsistent with the watch descriptors in any pending "
"events.  (Re-creating the inotify file descriptor and rebuilding the cache "
"may be useful to deal with this scenario.)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:739
msgid ""
"Applications should also allow for the possibility that the B<IN_MOVED_FROM> "
"event was the last event that could fit in the buffer returned by the "
"current call to B<read>(2), and the accompanying B<IN_MOVED_TO> event might "
"be fetched only on the next B<read>(2)."
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:739
#, no-wrap
msgid "BUGS"
msgstr ""

#.  FIXME kernel commit 611da04f7a31b2208e838be55a42c7a1310ae321
#.  implies that unmount events were buggy 2.6.11 to 2.6.36
#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:747
msgid ""
"In kernels before 2.6.16, the B<IN_ONESHOT> I<mask> flag does not work."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:757
msgid ""
"As originally designed and implemented, the B<IN_ONESHOT> flag did not cause "
"an B<IN_IGNORED> event to be generated when the watch was dropped after one "
"event.  However, as an unintended effect of other changes, since Linux 2.6."
"36, an B<IN_IGNORED> event is generated in this case."
msgstr ""

#.  commit 1c17d18e3775485bf1e0ce79575eb637a94494a2
#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:766
msgid ""
"Before kernel 2.6.25, the kernel code that was intended to coalesce "
"successive identical events (i.e., the two most recent events could "
"potentially be coalesced if the older had not yet been read)  instead "
"checked if the most recent event could be coalesced with the I<oldest> "
"unread event."
msgstr ""

#.  FIXME https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=77111
#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:796
msgid ""
"When a watch descriptor is removed by calling B<inotify_rm_watch>(2)  (or "
"because a watch file is deleted or the filesystem that contains it is "
"unmounted), any pending unread events for that watch descriptor remain "
"available to read.  As watch descriptors are subsequently allocated with "
"B<inotify_add_watch>(2), the kernel cycles through the range of possible "
"watch descriptors (0 to B<INT_MAX>)  incrementally.  When allocating a free "
"watch descriptor, no check is made to see whether that watch descriptor "
"number has any pending unread events in the inotify queue.  Thus, it can "
"happen that a watch descriptor is reallocated even when pending unread "
"events exist for a previous incarnation of that watch descriptor number, "
"with the result that the application might then read those events and "
"interpret them as belonging to the file associated with the newly recycled "
"watch descriptor.  In practice, the likelihood of hitting this bug may be "
"extremely low, since it requires that an application cycle through "
"B<INT_MAX> watch descriptors, release a watch descriptor while leaving "
"unread events for that watch descriptor in the queue in the queue, and then "
"recycle that watch descriptor.  For this reason, and because there have been "
"no reports of the bug occurring in real-world applications, as of Linux 3."
"15, no kernel changes have yet been made to eliminate this possible bug."
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:796
#, no-wrap
msgid "EXAMPLE"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:804
msgid ""
"The following program demonstrates the usage of the inotify API.  It marks "
"the directories passed as a command-line arguments and waits for events of "
"type B<IN_OPEN>, B<IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE> and B<IN_CLOSE_WRITE>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:819
msgid ""
"The following output was recorded while editing the file I</home/user/temp/"
"foo> and listing directory I</tmp>.  Before the file and the directory were "
"opened, B<IN_OPEN> events occurred.  After the file was closed, an "
"B<IN_CLOSE_WRITE> event occurred.  After the directory was closed, an "
"B<IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE> event occurred.  Execution of the program ended when the "
"user pressed the ENTER key."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:819
#, no-wrap
msgid "Example output"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:829
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ B<./a.out /tmp /home/user/temp>\n"
"Press enter key to terminate.\n"
"Listening for events.\n"
"IN_OPEN: /home/user/temp/foo [file]\n"
"IN_CLOSE_WRITE: /home/user/temp/foo [file]\n"
"IN_OPEN: /tmp/ [directory]\n"
"IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE: /tmp/ [directory]\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:831
#, no-wrap
msgid "Listening for events stopped.\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:833
#, no-wrap
msgid "Program source"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:841
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>poll.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>sys/inotify.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:847
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"/* Read all available inotify events from the file descriptor 'fd'.\n"
"   wd is the table of watch descriptors for the directories in argv.\n"
"   argc is the length of wd and argv.\n"
"   argv is the list of watched directories.\n"
"   Entry 0 of wd and argv is unused. */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:856
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"static void\n"
"handle_events(int fd, int *wd, int argc, char* argv[])\n"
"{\n"
"    /* Some systems cannot read integer variables if they are not\n"
"       properly aligned. On other systems, incorrect alignment may\n"
"       decrease performance. Hence, the buffer used for reading from\n"
"       the inotify file descriptor should have the same alignment as\n"
"       struct inotify_event. */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:863
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    char buf[4096]\n"
"        __attribute__ ((aligned(__alignof__(struct inotify_event))));\n"
"    const struct inotify_event *event;\n"
"    int i;\n"
"    ssize_t len;\n"
"    char *ptr;\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:865
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* Loop while events can be read from inotify file descriptor. */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:867
#, no-wrap
msgid "    for (;;) {\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:869
#, no-wrap
msgid "        /* Read some events. */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:875
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"        len = read(fd, buf, sizeof buf);\n"
"        if (len == -1 && errno != EAGAIN) {\n"
"            perror(\"read\");\n"
"            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"        }\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:879
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"        /* If the nonblocking read() found no events to read, then\n"
"           it returns -1 with errno set to EAGAIN. In that case,\n"
"           we exit the loop. */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:882
#, no-wrap
msgid "        if (len E<lt>= 0)\n"
"            break;\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:884
#, no-wrap
msgid "        /* Loop over all events in the buffer */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:887
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"        for (ptr = buf; ptr E<lt> buf + len;\n"
"                ptr += sizeof(struct inotify_event) + event-E<gt>len) {\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:889
#, no-wrap
msgid "            event = (const struct inotify_event *) ptr;\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:891
#, no-wrap
msgid "            /* Print event type */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:898
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"            if (event-E<gt>mask & IN_OPEN)\n"
"                printf(\"IN_OPEN: \");\n"
"            if (event-E<gt>mask & IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE)\n"
"                printf(\"IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE: \");\n"
"            if (event-E<gt>mask & IN_CLOSE_WRITE)\n"
"                printf(\"IN_CLOSE_WRITE: \");\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:900
#, no-wrap
msgid "            /* Print the name of the watched directory */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:907
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"            for (i = 1; i E<lt> argc; ++i) {\n"
"                if (wd[i] == event-E<gt>wd) {\n"
"                    printf(\"%s/\", argv[i]);\n"
"                    break;\n"
"                }\n"
"            }\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:909
#, no-wrap
msgid "            /* Print the name of the file */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:912
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"            if (event-E<gt>len)\n"
"                printf(\"%s\", event-E<gt>name);\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:914
#, no-wrap
msgid "            /* Print type of filesystem object */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:922
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"            if (event-E<gt>mask & IN_ISDIR)\n"
"                printf(\" [directory]\\en\");\n"
"            else\n"
"                printf(\" [file]\\en\");\n"
"        }\n"
"    }\n"
"}\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:931
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"int\n"
"main(int argc, char* argv[])\n"
"{\n"
"    char buf;\n"
"    int fd, i, poll_num;\n"
"    int *wd;\n"
"    nfds_t nfds;\n"
"    struct pollfd fds[2];\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:936
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    if (argc E<lt> 2) {\n"
"        printf(\"Usage: %s PATH [PATH ...]\\en\", argv[0]);\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:938
#, no-wrap
msgid "    printf(\"Press ENTER key to terminate.\\en\");\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:940
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* Create the file descriptor for accessing the inotify API */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:946
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    fd = inotify_init1(IN_NONBLOCK);\n"
"    if (fd == -1) {\n"
"        perror(\"inotify_init1\");\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:948
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* Allocate memory for watch descriptors */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:954
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    wd = calloc(argc, sizeof(int));\n"
"    if (wd == NULL) {\n"
"        perror(\"calloc\");\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:958
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    /* Mark directories for events\n"
"       - file was opened\n"
"       - file was closed */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:968
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    for (i = 1; i E<lt> argc; i++) {\n"
"        wd[i] = inotify_add_watch(fd, argv[i],\n"
"                                  IN_OPEN | IN_CLOSE);\n"
"        if (wd[i] == -1) {\n"
"            fprintf(stderr, \"Cannot watch '%s'\\en\", argv[i]);\n"
"            perror(\"inotify_add_watch\");\n"
"            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"        }\n"
"    }\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:970
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* Prepare for polling */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:972
#, no-wrap
msgid "    nfds = 2;\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:974
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* Console input */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:977
#, no-wrap
msgid "    fds[0].fd = STDIN_FILENO;\n"
"    fds[0].events = POLLIN;\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:979
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* Inotify input */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:982
#, no-wrap
msgid "    fds[1].fd = fd;\n"
"    fds[1].events = POLLIN;\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:984
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* Wait for events and/or terminal input */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:994
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    printf(\"Listening for events.\\en\");\n"
"    while (1) {\n"
"        poll_num = poll(fds, nfds, -1);\n"
"        if (poll_num == -1) {\n"
"            if (errno == EINTR)\n"
"                continue;\n"
"            perror(\"poll\");\n"
"            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"        }\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:996
#, no-wrap
msgid "        if (poll_num E<gt> 0) {\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:998
#, no-wrap
msgid "            if (fds[0].revents & POLLIN) {\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1000
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"                /* Console input is available. Empty stdin and quit */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1005
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"                while (read(STDIN_FILENO, &buf, 1) E<gt> 0 && buf != '\\en')\n"
"                    continue;\n"
"                break;\n"
"            }\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1007
#, no-wrap
msgid "            if (fds[1].revents & POLLIN) {\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1009
#, no-wrap
msgid "                /* Inotify events are available */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1014
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"                handle_events(fd, wd, argc, argv);\n"
"            }\n"
"        }\n"
"    }\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1016
#, no-wrap
msgid "    printf(\"Listening for events stopped.\\en\");\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1018
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* Close inotify file descriptor */\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1020
#, no-wrap
msgid "    close(fd);\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1024
#, no-wrap
msgid "    free(wd);\n"
"    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n"
"}\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1025
#, no-wrap
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1035
msgid ""
"B<inotifywait>(1), B<inotifywatch>(1), B<inotify_add_watch>(2), "
"B<inotify_init>(2), B<inotify_init1>(2), B<inotify_rm_watch>(2), B<read>(2), "
"B<stat>(2), B<fanotify>(7)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1038
msgid ""
"I<Documentation/filesystems/inotify.txt> in the Linux kernel source tree"
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1038
#, no-wrap
msgid "COLOPHON"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: man-pages/man7/inotify.7:1046
msgid ""
"This page is part of release 3.70 of the Linux I<man-pages> project.  A "
"description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest "
"version of this page, can be found at \\%http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/"
"."
msgstr ""