#, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2018-12-08 14:49-0200\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. Put one translator per line, in the form NAME , YEAR1, YEAR2 msgctxt "_" msgid "translator-credits" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: info/title #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:33 book.translate.xml:2292 msgid "A project model for the FreeBSD Project" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: info/author #. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author #: book.translate.xml:35 book.translate.xml:2287 msgid "" "NiklasSaers" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: info/copyright #: book.translate.xml:36 msgid "2002-2005 Niklas Saers" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: revhistory/revision #: book.translate.xml:41 msgid "" "1.5 October, 2014 Remove " "mention of GNATS which is no longer used by the project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: revhistory/revision #: book.translate.xml:47 msgid "" "1.4 September, 2013 Remove " "mention of CVS and CVSup which are no longer used by the project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: revhistory/revision #: book.translate.xml:53 msgid "" "1.3 October, 2012 Remove hats " "held by specific people, these are documented elsewhere." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: revhistory/revision #: book.translate.xml:59 msgid "" "1.2 April, 2005 Update one " "year of changes, replace statistics with those of 2004" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: revhistory/revision #: book.translate.xml:64 msgid "" "1.1 July, 2004 First update " "within the FreeBSD tree" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: revhistory/revision #: book.translate.xml:69 msgid "" "1.0 December 4th, 2003 Ready " "for commit to FreeBSD Documentation" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: revhistory/revision #: book.translate.xml:74 msgid "" "0.7 April 7th, 2003 Release " "for review by the Documentation team" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: revhistory/revision #: book.translate.xml:79 msgid "" "0.6 March 1st, 2003 " "Incorporated corrections noted by interviewees and reviewers" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: revhistory/revision #: book.translate.xml:85 msgid "" "0.5 February 1st, 2003 " "Initial review by interviewees" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: info/releaseinfo #: book.translate.xml:92 msgid "" "$FreeBSD: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/dev-model/book.xml 51969 2018-07-05 20:" "36:13Z jrm $" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: preface/title #: book.translate.xml:96 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: footnote/para #: book.translate.xml:103 msgid "" "This goes hand-in-hand with Brooks' law that adding another person to " "a late project will make it later since it will increase the " "communication needs . A project model is a tool to " "reduce the communication needs." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: preface/para #: book.translate.xml:97 msgid "" "Up until now, the FreeBSD project has released a number of described " "techniques to do different parts of work. However, a project model " "summarising how the project is structured is needed because of the " "increasing amount of project members. <_:footnote-1/> This paper will " "provide such a project model and is donated to the FreeBSD Documentation " "project where it can evolve together with the project so that it can at any " "point in time reflect the way the project works. It is based on " "." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: preface/para #: book.translate.xml:118 msgid "" "I would like to thank the following people for taking the time to explain " "things that were unclear to me and for proofreading the document." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:123 msgid "Andrey A. Chernov ache@freebsd.org" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:124 msgid "Bruce A. Mah bmah@freebsd.org" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:125 msgid "Dag-Erling Smørgrav des@freebsd.org" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:126 msgid "Giorgos Keramidaskeramida@freebsd.org" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:127 msgid "Ingvil Hovig ingvil.hovig@skatteetaten.no" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:128 msgid "Jesper Holckjeh.inf@cbs.dk" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:129 msgid "John Baldwin jhb@freebsd.org" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:130 msgid "John Polstra jdp@freebsd.org" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:131 msgid "Kirk McKusick mckusick@freebsd.org" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:132 msgid "Mark Linimon linimon@freebsd.org" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:133 msgid "Marleen Devos" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:134 msgid "Niels Jørgenssennielsj@ruc.dk" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:135 msgid "Nik Clayton nik@freebsd.org" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:136 msgid "Poul-Henning Kamp phk@freebsd.org" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:137 msgid "Simon L. Nielsen simon@freebsd.org" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/title #: book.translate.xml:143 msgid "Overview" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:146 msgid "" "A project model is a means to reduce the communications overhead in a " "project. As shown by , " "increasing the number of project participants increases the communication in " "the project exponentionally. FreeBSD has during the past few years increased " "both its mass of active users and committers, and the communication in the " "project has risen accordingly. This project model will serve to reduce this " "overhead by providing an up-to-date description of the project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:157 msgid "" "During the Core elections in 2002, Mark Murray stated I am opposed to " "a long rule-book, as that satisfies lawyer-tendencies, and is counter to the " "technocentricity that the project so badly needs. . This project model is not meant " "to be a tool to justify creating impositions for developers, but as a tool " "to facilitate coordination. It is meant as a description of the project, " "with an overview of how the different processes are executed. It is an " "introduction to how the FreeBSD project works." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:175 msgid "" "The FreeBSD project model will be described as of July 1st, 2004. It is " "based on the Niels Jørgensen's paper , FreeBSD's official documents, discussions on " "FreeBSD mailing lists and interviews with developers." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:184 msgid "" "After providing definitions of terms used, this document will outline the " "organisational structure (including role descriptions and communication " "lines), discuss the methodology model and after presenting the tools used " "for process control, it will present the defined processes. Finally it will " "outline major sub-projects of the FreeBSD project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:194 msgid "" ", Section 1.2 and 1." "3 give the vision and the architectural guidelines for the " "project. The vision is To produce the best UNIX-like operating system " "package possible, with due respect to the original software tools ideology " "as well as usability, performance and stability. The architectural " "guidelines help determine whether a problem that someone wants to be solved " "is within the scope of the project" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/title #: book.translate.xml:207 msgid "Definitions" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:210 msgid "Activity" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:212 msgid "" "An activity is an element of work performed during the course " "of a project . It has an " "output and leads towards an outcome. Such an output can either be an input " "to another activity or a part of the process' delivery." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:225 msgid "Process" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:227 msgid "" "A process is a series of activities that lead towards a " "particular outcome. A process can consist of one or more sub-processes. An " "example of a process is software design." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:237 msgid "Hat" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:239 msgid "" "A hat is synonymous with role. A hat has certain " "responsibilities in a process and for the process outcome. The hat executes " "activities. It is well defined what issues the hat should be contacted about " "by the project members and people outside the project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:250 msgid "Outcome" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:252 msgid "" "An outcome is the final output of the process. This is " "synonymous with deliverable, that is defined as any measurable, " "tangible, verifiable outcome, result or item that must be produced to " "complete a project or part of a project. Often used more narrowly in " "reference to an external deliverable, which is a deliverable that is subject " "to approval by the project sponsor or customer by . Examples of outcomes are a piece of " "software, a decision made or a report written." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:269 msgid "FreeBSD" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:271 msgid "" "When saying FreeBSD we will mean the BSD derivative UNIX-like " "operating system FreeBSD, whereas when saying the FreeBSD Project we will mean the project organisation." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/title #: book.translate.xml:281 msgid "Organisational structure" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:283 msgid "" "While no-one takes ownership of FreeBSD, the FreeBSD organisation is divided " "into core, committers and contributors and is part of the FreeBSD community " "that lives around it." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:291 msgid "The FreeBSD Project's structure" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:292 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='orghierarchy' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:296 msgid "" "Number of committers has been determined by going through CVS logs from " "January 1st, 2004 to December 31st, 2004 and contributors by going through " "the list of contributions and problem reports." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:303 msgid "" "The main resource in the FreeBSD community is its developers: the committers " "and contributors. It is with their contributions that the project can move " "forward. Regular developers are referred to as contributors. As by January " "1st, 2003, there are an estimated 5500 contributors on the project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:316 msgid "" "Committers are developers with the privilege of being able to commit changes." " These are usually the most active developers who are willing to spend their " "time not only integrating their own code but integrating code submitted by " "the developers who do not have this privilege. They are also the developers " "who elect the core team, and they have access to closed discussions." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:326 msgid "" "The project can be grouped into four distinct separate parts, and most " "developers will focus their involvement in one part of FreeBSD. The four " "parts are kernel development, userland development, ports and documentation. " "When referring to the base system, both kernel and userland is meant." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:344 msgid "This split changes our triangle to look like this:" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:349 msgid "The FreeBSD Project's structure with committers in categories" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:350 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='orghierarchy2' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:353 msgid "" "Number of committers per area has been determined by going through CVS logs " "from January 1st, 2004 to December 31st, 2004. Note that many committers " "work in multiple areas, making the total number higher than the real number " "of committers. The total number of committers at that time was 269." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:362 msgid "" "Committers fall into three groups: committers who are only concerned with " "one area of the project (for instance file systems), committers who are " "involved only with one sub-project and committers who commit to different " "parts of the code, including sub-projects. Because some committers work on " "different parts, the total number in the committers section of the triangle " "is higher than in the above triangle." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:374 msgid "" "The kernel is the main building block of FreeBSD. While the userland " "applications are protected against faults in other userland applications, " "the entire system is vulnerable to errors in the kernel. This, combined with " "the vast amount of dependencies in the kernel and that it is not easy to see " "all the consequences of a kernel change, demands developers with a relative " "full understanding of the kernel. Multiple development efforts in the kernel " "also requires a closer coordination than userland applications do." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:386 msgid "" "The core utilities, known as userland, provide the interface that identifies " "FreeBSD, both user interface, shared libraries and external interfaces to " "connecting clients. Currently, 162 people are involved in userland " "development and maintenance, many being maintainers for their own part of " "the code. Maintainership will be discussed in the section." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:396 msgid "" "Documentation is handled by " "and includes all documents surrounding the FreeBSD project, including the " "web pages. There were during 2004 101 people making commits to the FreeBSD " "Documentation Project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: footnote/para #: book.translate.xml:413 msgid "" "Statistics are generated by counting the number of entries in the file " "fetched by portsdb by April 1st, 2005. portsdb is a part of the port " "sysutils/portupgrade." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:403 msgid "" "Ports is the collection of meta-data that is needed to make software " "packages build correctly on FreeBSD. An example of a port is the port for " "the web-browser Mozilla. It contains information about where to fetch the " "source, what patches to apply and how, and how the package should be " "installed on the system. This allows automated tools to fetch, build and " "install the package. As of this writing, there are more than 12600 ports " "available. <_:footnote-1/> , ranging from web servers to games, programming " "languages and most of the application types that are in use on modern " "computers. Ports will be discussed further in the section ." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/title #: book.translate.xml:431 msgid "Methodology model" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:433 msgid "Development model" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:435 msgid "" "There is no defined model for how people write code in FreeBSD. However, " "Niels Jørgenssen has suggested a model of how written code is integrated " "into the project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:443 book.translate.xml:1709 msgid "Jørgenssen's model for change integration" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:444 book.translate.xml:1710 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='maintenance' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:448 msgid "" "The development release is the FreeBSD-CURRENT (\"-CURRENT\") " "branch and the production release is the FreeBSD-STABLE " "branch (\"-STABLE\") ." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:455 msgid "" "This is a model for one change, and shows that after coding, developers seek " "community review and try integrating it with their own systems. After " "integrating the change into the development release, called FreeBSD-CURRENT, " "it is tested by many users and developers in the FreeBSD community. After it " "has gone through enough testing, it is merged into the production release, " "called FreeBSD-STABLE. Unless each stage is finished successfully, the " "developer needs to go back and make modifications in the code and restart " "the process. To integrate a change with either -CURRENT or -STABLE is called " "making a commit." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:468 msgid "" "Jørgensen found that most FreeBSD developers work individually, meaning that " "this model is used in parallel by many developers on the different ongoing " "development efforts. A developer can also be working on multiple changes, so " "that while he is waiting for review or people to test one or more of his " "changes, he may be writing another change." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: footnote/para #: book.translate.xml:482 msgid "" "The period from January 1st, 2004 to December 31st, 2004 was examined to " "find this number." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:477 msgid "" "As each commit represents an increment, this is a massively incremental " "model. The commits are in fact so frequent that during one year <_:footnote-" "1/> , 85427 commits were made, making a daily average of 233 commits." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:491 msgid "" "Within the code bracket in Jørgensen's figure, each " "programmer has his own working style and follows his own development models. " "The bracket could very well have been called development as " "it includes requirements gathering and analysis, system and detailed design, " "implementation and verification. However, the only output from these stages " "is the source code or system documentation." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:502 msgid "" "From a stepwise model's perspective (such as the waterfall model), the other " "brackets can be seen as further verification and system integration. This " "system integration is also important to see if a change is accepted by the " "community. Up until the code is committed, the developer is free to choose " "how much to communicate about it to the rest of the project. In order for -" "CURRENT to work as a buffer (so that bright ideas that had some undiscovered " "drawbacks can be backed out) the minimum time a commit should be in -CURRENT " "before merging it to -STABLE is 3 days. Such a merge is referred to as an " "MFC (Merge From Current)." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:515 msgid "" "It is important to notice the word change. Most commits do " "not contain radical new features, but are maintenance updates." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:521 msgid "" "The only exceptions from this model are security fixes and changes to " "features that are deprecated in the -CURRENT branch. In these cases, changes " "can be committed directly to the -STABLE branch." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: footnote/para #: book.translate.xml:534 msgid "" "For instance, the development of the Bluetooth stack started as a sub-" "project until it was deemed stable enough to be merged into the -CURRENT " "branch. Now it is a part of the core FreeBSD system." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:527 msgid "" "In addition to many people working on the project, there are many related " "projects to the FreeBSD Project. These are either projects developing brand " "new features, sub-projects or projects whose outcome is incorporated into " "FreeBSD <_:footnote-1/>. These projects fit into the FreeBSD Project just " "like regular development efforts: they produce code that is integrated with " "the FreeBSD Project. However, some of them (like Ports and Documentation) " "have the privilege of being applicable to both branches or commit directly " "to both -CURRENT and -STABLE." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: footnote/para #: book.translate.xml:553 msgid "" "According to Kirk McKusick, after 20 years of developing UNIX operating " "systems, the interfaces are for the most part figured out. There is " "therefore no need for much design. However, new applications of the system " "and new hardware leads to some implementations being more beneficial than " "those that used to be preferred. One example is the introduction of web " "browsing that made the normal TCP/IP connection a short burst of data rather " "than a steady stream over a longer period of time." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:548 msgid "" "There is no standards to how design should be done, nor is design collected " "in a centralised repository. The main design is that of 4.4BSD. <_:footnote-" "1/> As design is a part of the Code bracket in Jørgenssen's " "model, it is up to every developer or sub-project how this should be done. " "Even if the design should be stored in a central repository, the output from " "the design stages would be of limited use as the differences of " "methodologies would make them poorly if at all interoperable. For the " "overall design of the project, the project relies on the sub-projects to " "negotiate fit interfaces between each other rather than to dictate " "interfacing." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:582 msgid "Release branches" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:584 msgid "" "The releases of FreeBSD is best illustrated by a tree with many branches " "where each major branch represents a major version. Minor versions are " "represented by branches of the major branches." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:591 msgid "" "In the following release tree, arrows that follow one-another in a " "particular direction represent a branch. Boxes with full lines and diamonds " "represent official releases. Boxes with dotted lines represent the " "development branch at that time. Security branches are represented by ovals. " "Diamonds differ from boxes in that they represent a fork, meaning a place " "where a branch splits into two branches where one of the branches becomes a " "sub-branch. For example, at 4.0-RELEASE the 4.0-CURRENT branch split into 4-" "STABLE and 5.0-CURRENT. At 4.5-RELEASE, the branch forked off a security " "branch called RELENG_4_5." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:608 msgid "The FreeBSD release tree" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:609 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='branches' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:612 msgid "" "The latest -CURRENT version is always referred to as -CURRENT, while the " "latest -STABLE release is always referred to as -STABLE. In this figure, -" "STABLE refers to 4-STABLE while -CURRENT refers to 5.0-CURRENT following 5.0-" "RELEASE. " msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:621 msgid "" "A major release is always made from the -CURRENT branch. " "However, the -CURRENT branch does not need to fork at that point in time, " "but can focus on stabilising. An example of this is that following 3.0-" "RELEASE, 3.1-RELEASE was also a continuation of the -CURRENT-branch, and -" "CURRENT did not become a true development branch until this version was " "released and the 3-STABLE branch was forked. When -CURRENT returns to " "becoming a development branch, it can only be followed by a major release. 5-" "STABLE is predicted to be forked off 5.0-CURRENT at around 5.3-RELEASE. It " "is not until 5-STABLE is forked that the development branch will be branded " "6.0-CURRENT." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:635 msgid "" "A minor release is made from the -CURRENT branch following a " "major release, or from the -STABLE branch." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: footnote/para #: book.translate.xml:642 msgid "" "The first release this actually happened for was 4.5-RELEASE, but security " "branches were at the same time created for 4.3-RELEASE and 4.4-RELEASE." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: footnote/para #: book.translate.xml:653 msgid "" "There is a terminology overlap with respect to the word \"stable\", which " "leads to some confusion. The -STABLE branch is still a development branch, " "whose goal is to be useful for most people. If it is never acceptable for a " "system to get changes that are not announced at the time it is deployed, " "that system should run a security branch." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:640 msgid "" "Following and including, 4.3-RELEASE<_:footnote-1/>, when a minor release " "has been made, it becomes a security branch. This is meant " "for organisations that do not want to follow the -STABLE branch and the " "potential new/changed features it offers, but instead require an absolutely " "stable environment, only updating to implement security updates. <_:footnote-" "2/>" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:666 msgid "" "Each update to a security branch is called a patchlevel. For " "every security enhancement that is done, the patchlevel number is increased, " "making it easy for people tracking the branch to see what security " "enhancements they have implemented. In cases where there have been " "especially serious security flaws, an entire new release can be made from a " "security branch. An example of this is 4.6.2-RELEASE." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:680 msgid "Model summary" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:682 msgid "" "To summarise, the development model of FreeBSD can be seen as the following " "tree:" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:689 msgid "The overall development model" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:690 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='freebsd-code-model' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:693 msgid "" "The tree of the FreeBSD development with ongoing development efforts and " "continuous integration." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:699 msgid "" "The tree symbolises the release versions with major versions spawning new " "main branches and minor versions being versions of the main branch. The top " "branch is the -CURRENT branch where all new development is integrated, and " "the -STABLE branch is the branch directly below it." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:707 msgid "" "Clouds of development efforts hang over the project where developers use the " "development models they see fit. The product of their work is then " "integrated into -CURRENT where it undergoes parallel debugging and is " "finally merged from -CURRENT into -STABLE. Security fixes are merged from -" "STABLE to the security branches." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/title #: book.translate.xml:720 msgid "Hats" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:722 msgid "" "Many committers have a special area of responsibility. These roles are " "called hats. These hats can be either project roles, such as public " "relations officer, or maintainer for a certain area of the code. Because " "this is a project where people give voluntarily of their spare time, people " "with assigned hats are not always available. They must therefore appoint a " "deputy that can perform the hat's role in his or her absence. The other " "option is to have the role held by a group." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:735 msgid "" "Many of these hats are not formalised. Formalised hats have a charter " "stating the exact purpose of the hat along with its privileges and " "responsibilities. The writing of such charters is a new part of the project, " "and has thus yet to be completed for all hats. These hat descriptions are " "not such a formalisation, rather a summary of the role with links to the " "charter where available and contact addresses." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:748 msgid "General Hats" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:751 msgid "Contributor" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:752 msgid "" "A Contributor contributes to the FreeBSD project either as a developer, as " "an author, by sending problem reports, or in other ways contributing to the " "progress of the project. A contributor has no special privileges in the " "FreeBSD project. " msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:762 msgid "Committer" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:763 msgid "" "A person who has the required privileges to add his code or documentation to " "the repository. A committer has made a commit within the past 12 months. " " An active committer " "is a committer who has made an average of one commit per month during that " "time." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:777 msgid "" "It is worth noting that there are no technical barriers to prevent someone, " "once having gained commit privileges to the main- or a sub-project, to make " "commits in parts of that project's source the committer did not specifically " "get permission to modify. However, when wanting to make modifications to " "parts a committer has not been involved in before, he/she should read the " "logs to see what has happened in this area before, and also read the " "MAINTAINER file to see if the maintainer of this part has any special " "requests on how changes in the code should be made" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:800 msgid "Core Team" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:803 msgid "" "The core team is elected by the committers from the pool of committers and " "serves as the board of directors of the FreeBSD project. It promotes active " "contributors to committers, assigns people to well-defined hats, and is the " "final arbiter of decisions involving which way the project should be heading." " As by July 1st, 2004, core consisted of 9 members. Elections are held every " "two years." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:817 msgid "Maintainership" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:819 msgid "" "Maintainership means that that person is responsible for what is allowed to " "go into that area of the code and has the final say should disagreements " "over the code occur. This involves proactive work aimed at stimulating " "contributions and reactive work in reviewing commits." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:827 msgid "" "With the FreeBSD source comes the MAINTAINERS file that contains a one-line " "summary of how each maintainer would like contributions to be made. Having " "this notice and contact information enables developers to focus on the " "development effort rather than being stuck in a slow correspondence should " "the maintainer be unavailable for some time." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:837 msgid "" "If the maintainer is unavailable for an unreasonably long period of time, " "and other people do a significant amount of work, maintainership may be " "switched without the maintainer's approval. This is based on the stance that " "maintainership should be demonstrated, not declared." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:845 msgid "" "Maintainership of a particular piece of code is a hat that is not held as a " "group." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:857 msgid "Official Hats" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:859 msgid "" "The official hats in the FreeBSD Project are hats that are more or less " "formalised and mainly administrative roles. They have the authority and " "responsibility for their area. The following illustration shows the " "responsibility lines. After this follows a description of each hat, " "including who it is held by." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:869 msgid "Overview of official hats" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:870 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='hats-overview' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:874 msgid "" "All boxes consist of groups of committers, except for the dotted boxes where " "the holders are not necessarily committers. The flattened circles are sub-" "projects and consist of both committers and non-committers of the main " "project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:884 msgid "Documentation project manager" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:885 msgid "" " architect is responsible for " "defining and following up documentation goals for the committers in the " "Documentation project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:892 msgid "" "Hat held by: The DocEng team doceng@FreeBSD.org. The DocEng Charter." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:902 msgid "Postmaster" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:903 msgid "" "The Postmaster is responsible for mail being correctly delivered to the " "committers' email address. He is also responsible for ensuring that the " "mailing lists work and should take measures against possible disruptions of " "mail such as having troll-, spam- and virus-filters." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:910 msgid "" "Hat currently held by: the Postmaster Team postmaster@FreeBSD.org." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:917 msgid "Release Coordination" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:922 msgid "" "Setting, publishing and following a release schedule for official releases" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:926 msgid "Documenting and formalising release engineering procedures" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:929 msgid "Creation and maintenance of code branches" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:932 msgid "" "Coordinating with the Ports and Documentation teams to have an updated set " "of packages and documentation released with the new releases" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:937 msgid "" "Coordinating with the Security team so that pending releases are not " "affected by recently disclosed vulnerabilities." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:919 msgid "" "The responsibilities of the Release Engineering Team are <_:itemizedlist-1/> " "Further information about the development process is available in the section." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #. (itstool) id: book.translate.xml#role-releng #: book.translate.xml:947 msgid "" "Hat held by: the Release Engineering team re@FreeBSD.org. The " " Release " "Engineering Charter." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:957 msgid "Public Relations & Corporate Liaison" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:962 msgid "" "Making press statements when happenings that are important to the FreeBSD " "Project happen." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:966 msgid "" "Being the official contact person for corporations that are working close " "with the FreeBSD Project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:970 msgid "" "Take steps to promote FreeBSD within both the Open Source community and the " "corporate world." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:974 msgid "Handle the freebsd-advocacy mailing list." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:958 msgid "" "The Public Relations & Corporate Liaison's responsibilities are: <_:" "itemizedlist-1/>" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:980 msgid "This hat is currently not occupied." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:986 msgid "Security Officer" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:987 msgid "" "The Security Officer's main responsibility is to coordinate information " "exchange with others in the security community and in the FreeBSD project. " "The Security Officer is also responsible for taking action when security " "problems are reported and promoting proactive development behavior when it " "comes to security." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:996 msgid "" "Because of the fear that information about vulnerabilities may leak out to " "people with malicious intent before a patch is available, only the Security " "Officer, consisting of an officer, a deputy and two members, receive sensitive information about security issues. " "However, to create or implement a patch, the Security Officer has the " "Security Officer Team security-team@FreeBSD.org to help do " "the work." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1010 msgid "Source Repository Manager" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1011 msgid "" "The Source Repository Manager is the only one who is allowed to directly " "modify the repository without using the tool. " "It is his/her responsibility to ensure that technical problems that arise in " "the repository are resolved quickly. The source repository manager has the " "authority to back out commits if this is necessary to resolve a SVN " "technical problem." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1021 msgid "" "Hat held by: the Source Repository Manager clusteradm@FreeBSD.org." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1028 msgid "Election Manager" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1029 msgid "" "The Election Manager is responsible for the process. The manager is responsible for running and maintaining " "the election system, and is the final authority should minor unforeseen " "events happen in the election process. Major unforeseen events have to be " "discussed with the " msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1037 msgid "Hat held only during elections." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1043 msgid "Web site Management" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1044 msgid "" "The Web site Management hat is responsible for coordinating the rollout of " "updated web pages on mirrors around the world, for the overall structure of " "the primary web site and the system it is running upon. The management needs " "to coordinate the content with " "and acts as maintainer for the www tree." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1054 msgid "Hat held by: the FreeBSD Webmasters www@FreeBSD.org." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1061 msgid "Ports Manager" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1062 msgid "" "The Ports Manager acts as a liaison between and the core project, and all requests from the project should go " "to the ports manager." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1070 msgid "" "Hat held by: the Ports Management Team portmgr@FreeBSD.org. " "The " "Portmgr charter." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1080 msgid "Standards" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1081 msgid "" "The Standards hat is responsible for ensuring that FreeBSD complies with the " "standards it is committed to , keeping up to date on the development of " "these standards and notifying FreeBSD developers of important changes that " "allows them to take a proactive role and decrease the time between a " "standards update and FreeBSD's compliancy." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1091 msgid "" "Hat currently held by: Garrett Wollman wollman@FreeBSD.org." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1098 msgid "Core Secretary" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1099 msgid "" "The Core Secretary's main responsibility is to write drafts to and publish " "the final Core Reports. The secretary also keeps the core agenda, thus " "ensuring that no balls are dropped unresolved." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1105 msgid "Hat currently held by: Joseph Mingrone jrm@FreeBSD.org." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1111 msgid "Bugmeister" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1112 msgid "" "The Bugmeister is responsible for ensuring that the maintenance database is " "in working order, that the entries are correctly categorised and that there " "are no invalid entries." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1117 msgid "" "Hat currently held by: the Bugmeister Team bugmeister@FreeBSD.org." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1124 msgid "Donations Liaison Officer" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1125 msgid "" "The task of the donations liaison officer is to match the developers with " "needs with people or organisations willing to make a donation. The Donations " "Liaison Charter is available here" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1134 msgid "" "Hat held by: the Donations Liaison Office donations@FreeBSD.org." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1141 msgid "Admin" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1142 msgid "(Also called FreeBSD Cluster Admin)" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1146 msgid "" "The admin team consists of the people responsible for administrating the " "computers that the project relies on for its distributed work and " "communication to be synchronised. It consists mainly of those people who " "have physical access to the servers." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1156 msgid "Hat held by: the Admin team admin@FreeBSD.org." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1168 msgid "Process dependent hats" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1171 msgid "Report originator" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1172 msgid "The person originally responsible for filing a Problem Report." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1180 msgid "Bugbuster" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1181 msgid "" "A person who will either find the right person to solve the problem, or " "close the PR if it is a duplicate or otherwise not an interesting one." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1190 msgid "Mentor" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1191 msgid "" "A mentor is a committer who takes it upon him/her to introduce a new " "committer to the project, both in terms of ensuring the new committers setup " "is valid, that the new committer knows the available tools required in his/" "her work and that the new committer knows what is expected of him/her in " "terms of behavior." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1202 msgid "Vendor" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1203 msgid "" "The person(s) or organisation whom external code comes from and whom patches " "are sent to." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1210 msgid "Reviewers" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1211 msgid "People on the mailing list where the request for review is posted." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/title #: book.translate.xml:1222 msgid "Processes" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:1224 msgid "" "The following section will describe the defined project processes. Issues " "that are not handled by these processes happen on an ad-hoc basis based on " "what has been customary to do in similar cases." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1232 msgid "Adding new and removing old committers" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1234 msgid "" "The Core team has the responsibility of giving and removing commit " "privileges to contributors. This can only be done through a vote on the core " "mailing list. The ports and documentation sub-projects can give commit " "privileges to people working on these projects, but have to date not removed " "such privileges." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1244 msgid "" "Normally a contributor is recommended to core by a committer. For " "contributors or outsiders to contact core asking to be a committer is not " "well thought of and is usually rejected." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1252 msgid "" "If the area of particular interest for the developer potentially overlaps " "with other committers' area of maintainership, the opinion of those " "maintainers is sought. However, it is frequently this committer that " "recommends the developer." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1260 msgid "" "When a contributor is given committer status, he is assigned a mentor. The " "committer who recommended the new committer will, in the general case, take " "it upon himself to be the new committers mentor." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1268 msgid "" "When a contributor is given his commit bit, a -" "signed email is sent from either , " " or nik@freebsd.org to both " "admins@freebsd.org, the assigned mentor, the new committer and core " "confirming the approval of a new account. The mentor then gathers a password " "line, public key and PGP key from the new " "committer and sends them to . When the new " "account is created, the mentor activates the commit bit and guides the new " "committer through the rest of the initial process." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:1282 msgid "Process summary: adding a new committer" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:1283 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='proc-add-committer' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1287 msgid "" "When a contributor sends a piece of code, the receiving committer may choose " "to recommend that the contributor is given commit privileges. If he " "recommends this to core, they will vote on this recommendation. If they vote " "in favour, a mentor is assigned the new committer and the new committer has " "to email his details to the administrators for an account to be created. " "After this, the new committer is all set to make his first commit. By " "tradition, this is by adding his name to the committers list." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1299 msgid "" "Recall that a committer is considered to be someone who has committed code " "during the past 12 months. However, it is not until after 18 months of " "inactivity have passed that commit privileges are eligible to be revoked. " " There " "are, however, no automatic procedures for doing this. For reactions " "concerning commit privileges not triggered by time, see section 1.5.8." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:1314 msgid "Process summary: removing a committer" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:1315 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='proc-rm-committer' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1319 msgid "" "When Core decides to clean up the committers list, they check who has not " "made a commit for the past 18 months. Committers who have not done so have " "their commit bits revoked." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1326 msgid "" "It is also possible for committers to request that their commit bit be " "retired if for some reason they are no longer going to be actively " "committing to the project. In this case, it can also be restored at a later " "time by core, should the committer ask." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1333 msgid "Roles in this process: <_:orderedlist-1/>" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1364 msgid "Committing code" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1366 msgid "" "The committing of new or modified code is one of the most frequent processes " "in the FreeBSD project and will usually happen many times a day. Committing " "of code can only be done by a committer. Committers commit " "either code written by themselves, code submitted to them or code submitted " "through a problem report." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1376 msgid "" "When code is written by the developer that is non-trivial, he should seek a " "code review from the community. This is done by sending mail to the relevant " "list asking for review. Before submitting the code for review, he should " "ensure it compiles correctly with the entire tree and that all relevant " "tests run. This is called pre-commit test. When contributed " "code is received, it should be reviewed by the committer and tested the same " "way." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1387 msgid "" "When a change is committed to a part of the source that has been contributed " "from an outside , the maintainer should " "ensure that the patch is contributed back to the vendor. This is in line " "with the open source philosophy and makes it easier to stay in sync with " "outside projects as the patches do not have to be reapplied every time a new " "release is made." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1400 msgid "" "After the code has been available for review and no further changes are " "necessary, the code is committed into the development branch, -CURRENT. If " "the change applies for the -STABLE branch or the other branches as well, a " "Merge From Current (\"MFC\") countdown is set by the " "committer. After the number of days the committer chose when setting the MFC " "have passed, an email will automatically be sent to the committer reminding " "him to commit it to the -STABLE branch (and possibly security branches as " "well). Only security critical changes should be merged to security branches." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1415 msgid "" "Delaying the commit to -STABLE and other branches allows for parallel " "debugging where the committed code is tested on a wide range of " "configurations. This makes changes to -STABLE to contain fewer faults and " "thus giving the branch its name." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:1425 msgid "Process summary: A committer commits code" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:1426 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='proc-commit' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1430 msgid "" "When a committer has written a piece of code and wants to commit it, he " "first needs to determine if it is trivial enough to go in without prior " "review or if it should first be reviewed by the developer community. If the " "code is trivial or has been reviewed and the committer is not the " "maintainer, he should consult the maintainer before proceeding. If the code " "is contributed by an outside vendor, the maintainer should create a patch " "that is sent back to the vendor. The code is then committed and the deployed " "by the users. Should they find problems with the code, this will be reported " "and the committer can go back to writing a patch. If a vendor is affected, " "he can choose to implement or ignore the patch." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:1449 msgid "Process summary: A contributor commits code" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:1450 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='proc-contrib' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1454 msgid "" "The difference when a contributor makes a code contribution is that he " "submits the code through the Bugzilla interface. This report is picked up by " "the maintainer who reviews the code and commits it." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1461 msgid "Hats included in this process are: <_:orderedlist-1/>" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1487 msgid "Core election" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: footnote/para #: book.translate.xml:1492 msgid "The first Core election was held September 2000" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1489 msgid "" "Core elections are held at least every two years. <_:footnote-1/> Nine core " "members are elected. New elections are held if the number of core members " "drops below seven. New elections can also be held should at least 1/3 of the " "active committers demand this." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1499 msgid "" "When an election is to take place, core announces this at least 6 weeks in " "advance, and appoints an election manager to run the elections." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1506 msgid "" "Only committers can be elected into core. The candidates need to submit " "their candidacy at least one week before the election starts, but can refine " "their statements until the voting starts. They are presented in the candidates " "list. When writing their election statements, the candidates must " "answer a few standard questions submitted by the election manager." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1516 msgid "" "During elections, the rule that a committer must have committed during the " "12 past months is followed strictly. Only these committers are eligible to " "vote." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1523 msgid "" "When voting, the committer may vote once in support of up to nine nominees. " "The voting is done over a period of four weeks with reminders being posted " "on developers mailing list that is available to all " "committers." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1530 msgid "" "The election results are released one week after the election ends, and the " "new core team takes office one week after the results have been posted." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1536 msgid "" "Should there be a voting tie, this will be resolved by the new, " "unambiguously elected core members." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1541 msgid "" "Votes and candidate statements are archived, but the archives are not " "publicly available." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:1548 msgid "Process summary: Core elections" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:1549 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='proc-elections' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1553 msgid "" "Core announces the election and selects an election manager. He prepares the " "elections, and when ready, candidates can announce their candidacies through " "submitting their statements. The committers then vote. After the vote is " "over, the election results are announced and the new core team takes office." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1562 msgid "Hats in core elections are: <_:itemizedlist-1/>" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1588 msgid "Development of new features" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1590 msgid "" "Within the project there are sub-projects that are working on new features. " "These projects are generally done by one person . Every project is free to organise " "development as it sees fit. However, when the project is merged to the -" "CURRENT branch it must follow the project guidelines. When the code has been " "well tested in the -CURRENT branch and deemed stable enough and relevant to " "the -STABLE branch, it is merged to the -STABLE branch." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1602 msgid "" "The requirements of the project are given by developer wishes, requests from " "the community in terms of direct requests by mail, Problem Reports, " "commercial funding for the development of features, or contributions by the " "scientific community. The wishes that come within the responsibility of a " "developer are given to that developer who prioritises his time between the " "request and his wishes. A common way to do this is maintain a TODO-list " "maintained by the project. Items that do not come within someone's " "responsibility are collected on TODO-lists unless someone volunteers to take " "the responsibility. All requests, their distribution and follow-up are " "handled by the tool." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1617 msgid "" "Requirements analysis happens in two ways. The requests that come in are " "discussed on mailing lists, both within the main project and in the sub-" "project that the request belongs to or is spawned by the request. " "Furthermore, individual developers on the sub-project will evaluate the " "feasibility of the requests and determine the prioritisation between them. " "Other than archives of the discussions that have taken place, no outcome is " "created by this phase that is merged into the main project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1628 msgid "" "As the requests are prioritised by the individual developers on the basis of " "doing what they find interesting, necessary or are funded to do, there is no " "overall strategy or prioritisation of what requests to regard as " "requirements and following up their correct implementation. However, most " "developers have some shared vision of what issues are more important, and " "they can ask for guidelines from the release engineering team." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: footnote/para #: book.translate.xml:1656 msgid "" "More and more tests are however performed when building the system " "(make world). These tests are however a very new addition and " "no systematic framework for these tests have yet been created." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1641 msgid "" "The verification phase of the project is two-fold. Before committing code to " "the current-branch, developers request their code to be reviewed by their " "peers. This review is for the most part done by functional testing, but also " "code review is important. When the code is committed to the branch, a " "broader functional testing will happen, that may trigger further code review " "and debugging should the code not behave as expected. This second " "verification form may be regarded as structural verification. Although the " "sub-projects themselves may write formal tests such as unit tests, these are " "usually not collected by the main project and are usually removed before the " "code is committed to the current branch. <_:footnote-1/>" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1671 msgid "Maintenance" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: footnote/para #: book.translate.xml:1687 msgid "" "sendmail and named are examples of code that has been merged from other " "platforms." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1673 msgid "" "It is an advantage to the project to for each area of the source have at " "least one person that knows this area well. Some parts of the code have " "designated maintainers. Others have de-facto maintainers, and some parts of " "the system do not have maintainers. The maintainer is usually a person from " "the sub-project that wrote and integrated the code, or someone who has " "ported it from the platform it was written for. <_:footnote-1/> The " "maintainer's job is to make sure the code is in sync with the project the " "code comes from if it is contributed code, and apply patches submitted by " "the community or write fixes to issues that are discovered." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1700 msgid "" "The main bulk of work that is put into the FreeBSD project is maintenance. " " has made a figure " "showing the life cycle of changes." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1714 msgid "" "Here development release refers to the -CURRENT branch while " "production release refers to the -STABLE branch. The " "pre-commit test is the functional testing by peer developers " "when asked to do so or trying out the code to determine the status of the " "sub-project. Parallel debugging is the functional testing " "that can trigger more review, and debugging when the code is included in the " "-CURRENT branch." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1727 msgid "" "As of this writing, there were 269 committers in the project. When they " "commit a change to a branch, that constitutes a new release. It is very " "common for users in the community to track a particular branch. The " "immediate existence of a new release makes the changes widely available " "right away and allows for rapid feedback from the community. This also gives " "the community the response time they expect on issues that are of importance " "to them. This makes the community more engaged, and thus allows for more and " "better feedback that again spurs more maintenance and ultimately should " "create a better product." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1740 msgid "" "Before making changes to code in parts of the tree that has a history " "unknown to the committer, the committer is required to read the commit logs " "to see why certain features are implemented the way they are in order not to " "make mistakes that have previously either been thought through or resolved." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1753 msgid "Problem reporting" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1755 msgid "" "Before FreeBSD 10, FreeBSD included a problem reporting tool called " "send-pr. Problems include bug reports, feature requests, " "feature enhancements and notices of new versions of external software that " "are included in the project. Although send-pr is " "available, users and developers are encouraged to submit issues using our " " problem report form." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1765 msgid "" "Problem reports are sent to an email address where it is inserted into the " "Problem Reports maintenance database. A " "classifies the problem and sends it to the correct group or maintainer " "within the project. After someone has taken responsibility for the report, " "the report is being analysed. This analysis includes verifying the problem " "and thinking out a solution for the problem. Often feedback is required from " "the report originator or even from the FreeBSD community. Once a patch for " "the problem is made, the originator may be asked to try it out. Finally, the " "working patch is integrated into the project, and documented if applicable. " "It there goes through the regular maintenance cycle as described in section " ". These are the states a problem report " "can be in: open, analyzed, feedback, patched, suspended and closed. The " "suspended state is for when further progress is not possible due to the lack " "of information or for when the task would require so much work that nobody " "is working on it at the moment." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:1789 msgid "Process summary: problem reporting" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:1790 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='proc-pr' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1794 msgid "" "A problem is reported by the report originator. It is then classified by a " "bugbuster and handed to the correct maintainer. He verifies the problem and " "discusses the problem with the originator until he has enough information to " "create a working patch. This patch is then committed and the problem report " "is closed." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1804 msgid "The roles included in this process are: <_:orderedlist-1/>" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1819 msgid "" ". " msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1827 msgid "Reacting to misbehavior" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:1838 msgid "" "Committing during code freezes without the approval of the Release " "Engineering team - 2 days" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:1842 msgid "Committing to a security branch without approval - 2 days" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:1845 msgid "Commit wars - 5 days to all participating parties" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:1848 msgid "Impolite or inappropriate behavior - 5 days" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1829 msgid "" " has a number of " "rules that committers should follow. However, it happens that these rules " "are broken. The following rules exist in order to be able to react to " "misbehavior. They specify what actions will result in how long a suspension " "the committer's commit privileges. <_:itemizedlist-1/> " msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1856 msgid "" "For the suspensions to be efficient, any single core member can implement a " "suspension before discussing it on the core mailing list. " "Repeat offenders can, with a 2/3 vote by core, receive harsher penalties, " "including permanent removal of commit privileges. (However, the latter is " "always viewed as a last resort, due to its inherent tendency to create " "controversy). All suspensions are posted to the developers " "mailing list, a list available to committers only." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1868 msgid "" "It is important that you cannot be suspended for making technical errors. " "All penalties come from breaking social etiquette." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1873 msgid "Hats involved in this process: <_:itemizedlist-1/>" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:1888 msgid "Release engineering" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1890 msgid "" "The FreeBSD project has a Release Engineering team with a principal release " "engineer that is responsible for creating releases of FreeBSD that can be " "brought out to the user community via the net or sold in retail outlets. " "Since FreeBSD is available on multiple platforms and releases for the " "different architectures are made available at the same time, the team has " "one person in charge of each architecture. Also, there are roles in the team " "responsible for coordinating quality assurance efforts, building a package " "set and for having an updated set of documents. When referring to the " "release engineer, a representative for the release engineering team is meant." "" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1905 msgid "" "When a release is coming, the FreeBSD project changes shape somewhat. A " "release schedule is made containing feature- and code-freezes, release of " "interim releases and the final release. A feature-freeze means no new " "features are allowed to be committed to the branch without the release " "engineers' explicit consent. Code-freeze means no changes to the code (like " "bugs-fixes) are allowed to be committed without the release engineers " "explicit consent. This feature- and code-freeze is known as stabilising. " "During the release process, the release engineer has the full authority to " "revert to older versions of code and thus \"back out\" changes should he " "find that the changes are not suitable to be included in the release." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:1923 msgid "" ".0 releases are the first release of a major version. These are branched of " "the -CURRENT branch and have a significantly longer release engineering " "cycle due to the unstable nature of the -CURRENT branch" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:1929 msgid "" ".X releases are releases of the -STABLE branch. They are scheduled to come " "out every 4 months." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #: book.translate.xml:1933 msgid "" ".X.Y releases are security releases that follow the .X branch. These come " "out only when sufficient security fixes have been merged since the last " "release on that branch. New features are rarely included, and the security " "team is far more involved in these than in regular releases." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1920 msgid "There are three different kinds of releases: <_:orderedlist-1/>" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: footnote/para #: book.translate.xml:1970 msgid "" "Many commercial vendors use these images to create CD-ROMs that are sold in " "retail outlets." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1946 msgid "" "For releases of the -STABLE-branch, the release process starts 45 days " "before the anticipated release date. During the first phase, the first 15 " "days, the developers merge what changes they have had in -CURRENT that they " "want to have in the release to the release branch. When this period is over, " "the code enters a 15 day code freeze in which only bug fixes, documentation " "updates, security-related fixes and minor device driver changes are allowed. " "These changes must be approved by the release engineer in advance. At the " "beginning of the last 15 day period a release candidate is created for " "widespread testing. Updates are less likely to be allowed during this " "period, except for important bug fixes and security updates. In this final " "period, all releases are considered release candidates. At the end of the " "release process, a release is created with the new version number, including " "binary distributions on web sites and the creation of a CD-ROM images. " "However, the release is not considered \"really released\" until a -signed message stating exactly that, is sent to the " "mailing list freebsd-announce; anything labelled as a \"release\" before " "that may well be in-process and subject to change before the PGP-signed " "message is sent. <_:footnote-1/>." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1979 msgid "" "The releases of the -CURRENT-branch (that is, all releases that end with " ".0) are very similar, but with twice as long timeframe. It " "starts 8 weeks prior to the release with announcement of the release time " "line. Two weeks into the release process, the feature freeze is initiated " "and performance tweaks should be kept to a minimum. Four weeks prior to the " "release, an official beta version is made available. Two weeks prior to " "release, the code is officially branched into a new version. This version is " "given release candidate status, and as with the release engineering of -" "STABLE, the code freeze of the release candidate is hardened. However, " "development on the main development branch can continue. Other than these " "differences, the release engineering processes are alike." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:1997 msgid "" ".0 releases go into their own branch and are aimed mainly at early adopters. " "The branch then goes through a period of stabilisation, and it is not until " "the decides the demands to stability have " "been satisfied that the branch becomes -STABLE and -CURRENT targets the next " "major version. While this for the majority has been with .1 versions, this " "is not a demand." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2007 msgid "" "Most releases are made when a given date that has been deemed a long enough " "time since the previous release comes. A target is set for having major " "releases every 18 months and minor releases every 4 months. The user " "community has made it very clear that security and stability cannot be " "sacrificed by self-imposed deadlines and target release dates. For slips of " "time not to become too long with regards to security and stability issues, " "extra discipline is required when committing changes to -STABLE." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:2026 msgid "Process summary: release engineering" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:2027 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='proc-releng' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2031 msgid "" "These are the stages in the release engineering process. Multiple release " "candidates may be created until the release is deemed stable enough to be " "released." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/title #: book.translate.xml:2051 msgid "Tools" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:2053 msgid "" "The major support tools for supporting the development process are Bugzilla, " "Mailman, and OpenSSH. These are externally developed tools and are commonly " "used in the open source world." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:2060 msgid "Subversion (SVN)" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2061 msgid "" "Subversion (SVN) is a system to handle multiple versions of " "text files and tracking who committed what changes and why. A project lives " "within a repository and different versions are considered " "different branches." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:2070 msgid "Bugzilla" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2071 msgid "" "Bugzilla is a maintenance database consisting of a set of tools to track " "bugs at a central site. It supports the bug tracking process for sending and " "handling bugs as well as querying and updating the database and editing bug " "reports. The project uses its web interface to send Problem Reports to the projects central Bugzilla server. The committers also have web " "and command-line clients." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:2084 msgid "Mailman" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2085 msgid "" "Mailman is a program that automates the management of mailing lists. The " "FreeBSD Project uses it to run 16 general lists, 60 technical lists, 4 " "limited lists and 5 lists with CVS commit logs. It is also used for many " "mailing lists set up and used by other people and projects in the FreeBSD " "community. General lists are lists for the general public, technical lists " "are mainly for the development of specific areas of interest, and closed " "lists are for internal communication not intended for the general public. " "The majority of all the communication in the project goes through these 85 " "lists , Appendix C." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:2103 msgid "Pretty Good Privacy" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2104 msgid "" "Pretty Good Privacy, better known as PGP, is a cryptosystem using a public " "key architecture to allow people to digitally sign and/or encrypt " "information in order to ensure secure communication between two parties. A " "signature is used when sending information out many recipients, enabling " "them to verify that the information has not been tampered with before they " "received it. In the FreeBSD Project this is the primary means of ensuring " "that information has been written by the person who claims to have written " "it, and not altered in transit." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:2118 msgid "Secure Shell" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2119 msgid "" "Secure Shell is a standard for securely logging into a remote system and for " "executing commands on the remote system. It allows other connections, called " "tunnels, to be established and protected between the two involved systems. " "This standard exists in two primary versions, and only version two is used " "for the FreeBSD Project. The most common implementation of the standard is " "OpenSSH that is a part of the project's main distribution. Since its source " "is updated more often than FreeBSD releases, the latest version is also " "available in the ports tree." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/title #: book.translate.xml:2135 msgid "Sub-projects" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: chapter/para #: book.translate.xml:2137 msgid "" "Sub-projects are formed to reduce the amount of communication needed to " "coordinate the group of developers. When a problem area is sufficiently " "isolated, most communication would be within the group focusing on the " "problem, requiring less communication with the groups they communicate with " "than were the group not isolated." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #: book.translate.xml:2148 msgid "The Ports Subproject" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2150 msgid "" "A port is a set of meta-data and patches that are needed to " "fetch, compile and install correctly an external piece of software on a " "FreeBSD system. The amount of ports have grown at a tremendous rate, as " "shown by the following figure." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: figure/title #: book.translate.xml:2159 msgid "Number of ports added between 1996 and 2005" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata #. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When #. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to #. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to #. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. #: book.translate.xml:2160 msgctxt "_" msgid "external ref='portsstatus' md5='__failed__'" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2164 msgid "" " is taken from the FreeBSD web site. It shows " "the number of ports available to FreeBSD in the period 1995 to 2005. It " "looks like the curve has first grown exponentionally, and then since the " "middle of 2001 grown linearly." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2173 msgid "" "As the external software described by the port often is under continued " "development, the amount of work required to maintain the ports is already " "large, and increasing. This has led to the ports part of the FreeBSD project " "gaining a more empowered structure, and is more and more becoming a sub-" "project of the FreeBSD project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2182 msgid "" "Ports has its own core team with the " "as its leader, and this team can appoint committers without FreeBSD Core's " "approval. Unlike in the FreeBSD Project, where a lot of maintenance " "frequently is rewarded with a commit bit, the ports sub-project contains " "many active maintainers that are not committers." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2191 msgid "" "Unlike the main project, the ports tree is not branched. Every release of " "FreeBSD follows the current ports collection and has thus available updated " "information on where to find programs and how to build them. This, however, " "means that a port that makes dependencies on the system may need to have " "variations depending on what version of FreeBSD it runs on." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2200 msgid "" "With an unbranched ports repository it is not possible to guarantee that any " "port will run on anything other than -CURRENT and -STABLE, in particular " "older, minor releases. There is neither the infrastructure nor volunteer " "time needed to guarantee this." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2208 msgid "" "For efficiency of communication, teams depending on Ports, such as the " "release engineering team, have their own ports liaisons." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/title #. (itstool) path: publisher/publishername #: book.translate.xml:2218 book.translate.xml:2366 book.translate.xml:2380 #: book.translate.xml:2391 book.translate.xml:2407 book.translate.xml:2426 #: book.translate.xml:2472 msgid "The FreeBSD Documentation Project" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2220 msgid "" "The FreeBSD Documentation project was started January 1995. From the initial " "group of a project leader, four team leaders and 16 members, they are now a " "total of 44 committers. The documentation mailing list has just under 300 " "members, indicating that there is quite a large community around it." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2230 msgid "" "The goal of the Documentation project is to provide good and useful " "documentation of the FreeBSD project, thus making it easier for new users to " "get familiar with the system and detailing advanced features for the users." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2237 msgid "" "The main tasks in the Documentation project are to work on current projects " "in the FreeBSD Documentation Set, and translate the " "documentation to other languages." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2243 msgid "" "Like the FreeBSD Project, documentation is split in the same branches. This " "is done so that there is always an updated version of the documentation for " "each version. Only documentation errors are corrected in the security " "branches." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2250 msgid "" "Like the ports sub-project, the Documentation project can appoint " "documentation committers without FreeBSD Core's approval. ." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: section/para #: book.translate.xml:2256 msgid "" "The Documentation project has a primer. This is used both to introduce new " "project members to the standard tools and syntaxes and acts as a reference " "when working on the project." msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: bibliography/title #: book.translate.xml:2268 msgid "References" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author #: book.translate.xml:2272 msgid "" "Frederick P.Brooks" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/copyright #: book.translate.xml:2274 msgid "" "19751995 Pearson Education Limited" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/biblioid #: book.translate.xml:2277 msgid "0201835959" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: publisher/publishername #: book.translate.xml:2279 msgid "Addison-Wesley Pub Co" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2281 msgid "The Mythical Man-Month" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/subtitle #: book.translate.xml:2282 msgid "Essays on Software Engineering, Anniversary Edition (2nd Edition)" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/copyright #: book.translate.xml:2289 msgid "2003" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/subtitle #: book.translate.xml:2293 msgid "Candidatus Scientiarum thesis" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2294 msgid "http://niklas.saers.com/thesis" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author #: book.translate.xml:2300 msgid "" "NielsJørgensen" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/copyright #: book.translate.xml:2302 msgid "2001" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2305 msgid "Putting it All in the Trunk" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/subtitle #: book.translate.xml:2306 msgid "Incremental Software Development in the FreeBSD Open Source Project" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2307 msgid "http://www.dat.ruc.dk/~nielsj/research/papers/freebsd.pdf" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author #: book.translate.xml:2312 msgid "" "Project Management Institute" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/copyright #: book.translate.xml:2314 msgid "" "19962000 Project Management Institute" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/biblioid #: book.translate.xml:2317 msgid "1-880410-23-0" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: publisher/publishername #: book.translate.xml:2319 msgid "Project Management Institute" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: publisher/address #: book.translate.xml:2320 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " Newtown Square\n" " Pennsylvania\n" " USA\n" " " msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2326 msgid "PMBOK Guide" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/subtitle #: book.translate.xml:2327 msgid "A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, 2000 Edition" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/copyright #: book.translate.xml:2334 book.translate.xml:2350 book.translate.xml:2433 #: book.translate.xml:2444 book.translate.xml:2456 msgid "2002 The FreeBSD Project" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2337 msgid "Core Bylaws" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2338 msgid "https://www.freebsd.org/internal/bylaws.html" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/copyright #: book.translate.xml:2342 book.translate.xml:2362 book.translate.xml:2376 #: book.translate.xml:2402 book.translate.xml:2422 book.translate.xml:2468 msgid "2002 The FreeBSD Documentation Project" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2345 msgid "FreeBSD Developer's Handbook" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2346 msgid "https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/developers-handbook/" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2353 msgid "Core team election 2002" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2354 msgid "http://election.uk.freebsd.org/candidates.html" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author #: book.translate.xml:2359 book.translate.xml:2374 msgid "" "Dag-ErlingSmørgrav" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author #: book.translate.xml:2360 msgid "" "HitenPandya" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2368 msgid "Problem Report Handling Guidelines" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2369 msgid "https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/articles/pr-guidelines/article.html" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2382 msgid "Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2383 msgid "https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/articles/problem-reports/article.html" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/copyright #: book.translate.xml:2387 msgid "2001 The FreeBSD Documentation Project" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2394 msgid "Committers Guide" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2395 msgid "https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/articles/committers-guide/article.html" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author #: book.translate.xml:2400 msgid "" "MurrayStokely" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2409 msgid "FreeBSD Release Engineering" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2410 msgid "" "https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/releng/article.html" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author #: book.translate.xml:2415 msgid "" "The FreeBSD Documentation Project" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2417 msgid "FreeBSD Handbook" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2418 msgid "https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2428 msgid "Contributors to FreeBSD" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2429 msgid "" "https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/contributors/article." "html" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: publisher/publishername #: book.translate.xml:2437 book.translate.xml:2448 book.translate.xml:2460 msgid "The FreeBSD Project" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2439 msgid "Core team elections 2002" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2440 msgid "http://election.uk.freebsd.org" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2450 msgid "Commit Bit Expiration Policy" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/subtitle #: book.translate.xml:2451 msgid "2002/04/06 15:35:30" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2452 msgid "https://www.freebsd.org/internal/expire-bits.html" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2462 msgid "New Account Creation Procedure" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/subtitle #: book.translate.xml:2463 msgid "2002/08/19 17:11:27" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2464 msgid "https://www.freebsd.org/internal/new-account.html" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2474 msgid "FreeBSD DocEng Team Charter" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/subtitle #: book.translate.xml:2475 msgid "2003/03/16 12:17" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2476 msgid "https://www.freebsd.org/internal/doceng.html" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author #: book.translate.xml:2481 msgid "" "GregLehey" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/copyright #: book.translate.xml:2483 msgid "2002 Greg Lehey" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: publisher/publishername #: book.translate.xml:2487 msgid "Greg Lehey" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/citetitle #: book.translate.xml:2489 msgid "Two years in the trenches" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/subtitle #: book.translate.xml:2490 msgid "The evolution of a software project" msgstr "" #. (itstool) path: biblioentry/bibliomisc #: book.translate.xml:2491 msgid "http://www.lemis.com/grog/In-the-trenches.pdf" msgstr ""